How is electricity governed in Canada?

Initially, electricity in Canada was supplied by privately owned companies. However, electrical energy was recognized as a natural monopoly. As well, electricity was seen as an essential service needed in all communities.

As a result, public ownership emerged in most provinces: Crown corporations acquired the electricity assets. Alberta and Newfoundland were the major exceptions. There, a mix of privately owned and city owned companies provided electricity service.

All the provinces established regulatory boards to oversee electric utilities because they were monopolies in their serving areas. The boards regulated the supply of electricity by approving new plant construction. They also regulated electricity prices through regular public rate review hearings.